Collapse

Jared Diamond in his book Collapse identifies three precursors of a civilization under collapse:

1. A persistent pattern of environmental change for the worse, such as long-lasting droughts.

2. Signs that existing modes of agricultural and/or industrial production are aggravating the crisis.

3. Elite failure to abandon harmful practices and adopt new means of production.

At some point a critical threshold is crossed and collapse invariably follows.

2023